About this Resource

How do your answers compare with ours?

  1. Does gross national product include the output of self sufficient farmers producing for themselves and their neighbours?

    Answer:
    Up to a point, some allowance is made for this in some National Accounts

  2. Is the allowance based on common inter-country definitions and measure?

    Answer:
    Not yet. This puts major uncertainties into comparisons between poorer countries that tend to have large self sufficient agricultural sectors and (often) richer countries that don't.

  3. Is housework included in a money measure of economic activity?

    Answer:
    No, though there is much controversy and estimates have been made.

  4. Are voluntary activities measured on a money base – where do we count the effort made by a volunteer school governor?

    Answer:
    They are not included.

  5. Are activities regarded as 'outside' of official markets (informal) or immoral or criminal included in money measures?

    Answer:
    Allowances are made for informal economic activity and some attempt is made to harmonise these across national accounts. However the extent to which some immoral, criminal or informal activities are included in money measures depend on declarations or estimates for tax purposes. It is obviously very difficult to harmonise standards or metadata in this area.

The University of Manchester; Mimas; ESRC; RDI

Countries and Citizens: Unit 2 Making cross-national comparisons using macro data by Dave Fysh, University of Portsmouth is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales Licence.